v256.0 · climate · MX · verified 2026-04
Mexico climate profile
Climate profile for Mexico — Köppen climate zones, seasonal temperature + rainfall, humidity, extreme weather, climate-change trajectory, air quality, best months for visiting + relocation, water security, and recent climate-policy changes.
Climate classification (Köppen)
Highly varied — Tropical (Aw) coastal/south · Desert (BWh) north · Mediterranean (Csa) Baja · High-altitude temperate (Cwb) central plateau · Mountain (Cwc) sierras
Temperature + rainfall by season
| Winter temperatures | Mexico City: 13°C avg (6-22°C, high-altitude 2,250m) · Guadalajara: 16°C (9-25°C) · Cancún: 23°C (19-28°C, warm) · Puerto Vallarta: 21°C (16-27°C) · Tijuana: 14°C (9-20°C) · Mérida: 23°C (17-30°C) |
| Summer temperatures | Mexico City: 16°C avg (12-22°C, mild altitude) · Guadalajara: 22°C (16-28°C) · Cancún: 28°C (25-32°C, humid hurricane-prone) · Puerto Vallarta: 28°C (25-32°C) · Tijuana: 22°C (18-26°C, mild) · Mérida: 28°C (24-34°C) |
| Annual rainfall | Mexico City: 850 mm · Guadalajara: 970 mm · Cancún: 1,440 mm (wet May-Oct) · Tijuana: 230 mm (Mediterranean dry) · Mérida: 900 mm · Most rain May-Oct (rainy season) |
| Humidity | Coastal tropical 70-90% · Central plateau 40-70% · Northern desert 20-40% · Pacific 60-80% |
Climate zones within the country
Tropical south (Yucatán, Chiapas) · Pacific coast subtropical · Northern desert (Sonora, Chihuahua) · Mediterranean Baja · High-altitude temperate (Mexico City, Guadalajara, Cuernavaca) · Sierra Madre mountains
Extreme weather + risks
| Extreme weather events | Hurricanes Atlantic + Pacific (Otis Cat-5 Acapulco Oct 2023 devastating) · Earthquakes (Mexico City 1985, 2017 historical) · Volcanoes Popocatépetl Mexico Valley · Floods Yucatán/Pacific seasonal |
| Air quality | Mixed — Mexico City PM2.5 ~20-30 µg/m³ (improving from historical extreme) · Hoy No Circula vehicle restrictions reducing · Coastal areas excellent · Some inversion episodes |
| Water security | Stressed — Mexico City Day Zero scenarios discussed · Northern aquifer overdrafted · Climate-Change-driven drought intensifying · Some areas water-trucking dependence |
Climate change trajectory
Annual mean +1.5°C since 1980 · Projected +2-4°C by 2100 · Drought severity increasing (north + central) · Sea-level rise Yucatán + Caribbean · Hurricane-intensity intensifying
Best months for visiting + relocation
| Best for visiting | Nov-Apr — dry season · Avoid Atlantic coast hurricane Jun-Nov · Mexico City year-round mild · Yucatán Nov-Mar · Pacific Sep-May |
| Best for relocation | Oct-Apr arrival ideal · Avoid hurricane season Atlantic Jun-Nov |
Recent changes (2023-2026)
2024-25: Hurricane Otis Cat-5 Acapulco aftermath recovery · Mexico City water crisis 2024 (Day Zero averted) · Sheinbaum administration Oct 2024 · Cancún climate-resilience investments · Pacific Tuna La Niña-El Niño cycles affecting Pacific
Source: official Mexico meteorological agency · Last verified 2026-04
See also: Mexico country profile · climate atlas