ASEAN Trade Architecture
10 member states · 6 external FTAs · the world's most-FTA-rich regional bloc.
10 ASEAN nations
Brunei · Cambodia · Indonesia · Laos · Malaysia · Myanmar · Philippines · Singapore · Thailand · Vietnam.
6 external FTAs
| FTA | In force | Coverage |
|---|---|---|
| ASEAN-China FTA (ACFTA) | 2010 | Largest by trade volume; goods + services + investment |
| ASEAN-Japan AJCEP | 2008 | Goods + services; pharma, autos heavy |
| ASEAN-Korea AKFTA | 2010 | Goods focus; electronics, autos |
| ASEAN-Australia-NZ AANZFTA | 2010 | Comprehensive; agri + dairy + services |
| ASEAN-India AIFTA | 2010 | Goods only; under upgrade negotiation |
| RCEP (mega) | 2022 | 15 nations · ASEAN + 5 partners; world's largest FTA by GDP |
Sectoral flow signatures
- Electronics/semiconductors — Singapore/Malaysia/Vietnam/Philippines hubs; tightly linked to China/Korea/Taiwan supply chains
- Auto components — Thailand "Detroit of Asia"; Indonesia + Vietnam scaling
- Pharmaceuticals — Singapore + Indonesia formulations; imports from India + China
- Agri / palm oil — Indonesia + Malaysia world leaders; EU-EUDR pressure
- Textiles — Vietnam, Cambodia, Indonesia; CPTPP advantages